The Scope and Purpose of a Home Inspection
Purchasing property involves risk
The purpose of a home inspection is to help reduce the risk associated with the purchase of a structure by providing a professional opinion about the overall condition of the structure. A home inspection is a limited visual inspection and it cannot eliminate this risk. Some homes present more risks than others. We cannot control this, but we try to help educate you about what we don’t know during the inspection process. This is more difficult to convey in a report and one of many reasons why we recommend that you attend the inspection.
A home inspection is not an insurance policy
This report does not substitute for or serve as a warranty or guarantee of any kind. Home warranties can be purchased separately from insuring firms that provide this service.
A home inspection is visual and not destructive
The descriptions and observations in this report are based on a visual inspection of the structure. We inspect the aspects of the structure that can be viewed without dismantling, damaging or disfiguring the structure and without moving furniture and interior furnishings. Areas that are concealed, hidden or inaccessible to view are not covered by this inspection. Some systems cannot be tested during this inspection as testing risks damaging the building. For example, overflow drains on bathtubs are generally not tested because if they were found to be leaking they could damage the finishes below. Our procedures involve non-invasive investigation and non-destructive testing which will limit the scope of the inspection.
This is not an inspection for code compliance
This inspection and report are not intended for city / local code compliance. During the construction process structures are inspected for code compliance by municipal inspectors. Framing is open at this time and conditions can be fully viewed. Framing is not open during inspections of finished homes, and this limits the inspection. All houses fall out of code compliance shortly after they are built, as the codes continually change. National codes are augmented at least every three years for all of the varying disciplines. Municipalities can choose to adopt and phase in sections of the codes on their own timetables. There are generally no requirements to bring older homes into compliance unless substantial renovation is being done.
This is just our opinion
Construction techniques and standards vary. There is no one way to build a house or install a system in a house. The observations in this report are the opinions of the home inspector. Other inspectors and contractors are likely to have some differing opinions. You are welcome to seek opinions from other professionals.
The scope of this inspection
This inspection will include the following systems: exterior, roof, structure, drainage, foundation, attic, interior, plumbing, electrical and heating. The evaluation will be based on limited observations that are primarily visual and non-invasive. This inspection and report are not intended to be technically exhaustive.For more about the scope of a home inspection see: ASHI National Standards at http://www.homeinspector.org/Standards-of-Practice or Washington State Home Inspection Standards at http://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=18.280.030
Your expectations
The overall goal of a home inspection is to help ensure that your expectations are appropriate with the house you are proposing to buy. To this end we assist with discovery by showing and documenting observations during the home inspection. This should not be mistaken for a technically exhaustive inspection designed to uncover every defect with a building. Such inspections are available but they are generally cost-prohibitive to most homebuyers.
Your participation is requested
Your presence is requested during this inspection. A written report will not substitute for all the possible information that can be conveyed verbally by a shared visual observation of the conditions of the property.
How to Read This Report
Getting the Information to You
This report is designed to deliver important and technical information in a way that is easy for anyone to access and understand. If you are in a hurry, you can take a quick look at our "Summary Page” and quickly get critical information for important decision making. However, we strongly recommend that you take the time to read the full Report, which includes digital photographs, captions, diagrams, videos and hot links to additional information.
The best way to get the layers of information that are presented in this report is to read your report online. This will allow all you to expand your learning about your house. You will notice some words or series of words highlighted in blue and underlined – clicking on these will provide you with a link to additional information.
This report can also be printed on paper or to a PDF document.
Chapters and Sections
This report is divided into chapters that parcel the home into logical inspection components. Each chapter is broken into sections that relate to a specific system or component of the home. You can navigate between chapters with the click of a button on the left side margin.
Most sections will contain some descriptive information done in black font. Observation narrative, done in colored boxes, will be included if a system or component is found to be significantly deficient in some way or if we wish to provide helpful additional information about the system or the scope of our inspection. If a system or component of the home was deemed to be in satisfactory or serviceable condition, there may be no narrative observation comments in that section.
Observation Labels
All narrative observations are colored, numbered and labeled to help you find, refer to, and understand the severity of the observation. Observation colors and labels used in this report are:
- Major Concern:Repair items that may cost significant money to correct now or in the near future, or items that require immediate attention to prevent additional damage or eliminate safety hazards.
- Repair:Repair and maintenance items noted during inspection. Please note that some repair items can be expensive to correct such as re-finishing hardwood floors, but are considered simply repair items due to their cosmetic nature.
- Improve:Observations that are not necessarily defects, but which could be improved for safety, efficiency, or reliability reasons.
- Monitor:Items that should be watched to see if correction may be needed in the future.
- Due Diligence:Observation such as a buried oil tank that may require further investigation to determine the severity and / or urgency of repair.
- Future Project:A repair that may be deferred for some time but should be on the radar for repair or replacement in the near future.
- Efficiency:Denotes observations that are needed to make the home more energy efficient as well as to bring the home up to modern insulation standards. This category typically includes windows and insulation. Other items, such as lighting and appliances, are not inspected for their energy status.
- Completed:Items that were initially an issue but have since been completed.
- Note:Refers to aside information and /or any comments elaborating on descriptions of systems in the home or limitations to the home inspection.
Summary Page
The Summary Page is designed as a bulleted overview of all the observations noted during inspection. This helpful overview is not a substitution for reading the entire inspection report. The entire report must be read to get a complete understanding of this inspection report as the Summary Page does not include photographs or photo captions.
Summary
Major Concerns
- (EG-2) Exterior/Garage:
Overall, numerous repairs are needed to the decking systems on this home to insure safe and reliable performance. I noticed a lot of creaking and movement as I walked across the deck today. I recommend additional inspection and repair of these decks by a qualified general contractor. Examples of red flags and defects noted during inspection include:
- No joist blocking noted. These help to ensure lateral stability.
- Lateral joist blocks should seen here.
- Notched guardrail support noted. From the underside we can see the 4x4 has notched.
- Brackets should be installed on the corners to ensure proper attachment to the ledger board.
Repairs
- (E-2) Electrical:
Original smoke detectors in bedrooms should be upgraded to newer units.
- (HCF-2) Heating, Cooling and Fireplaces:
The gas log unit was tested during inspection and appeared to be operational. The unit was dirty and should be cleaned as part of a routine servicing. Gas appliances should generally be serviced annually for safe and reliable performance.
- (B-1) Bathroom(s):
Cabinets in all three bathrooms were noted to have loose hinges. Repair for proper operation.
- (B-2) Bathroom(s):
The waste plumbing below the bathroom sink is leaking and requires immediate repair. Hire a licensed plumber to further evaluate and repair. See master bath, left side sink.
- (B-4) Bathroom(s):
Slow drain was noted at the bathroom sink indicating that the drain is obstructed. Have this drain further evaluated and repaired by a plumbing contractor.
- (B-5) Bathroom(s):
The shower head is leaky and requires repair to prevent wasting water and to control water flow.
- (I-1) Interior:
Secure all hand railing hardware to ensure proper support is provided in case of a fall. This railing on the upper stairs is not secured properly to wall.
- (I-3) Interior:
The front door was noted to stick in the frame. Have this adjusted to ensure proper closure and a weather tight seal.
- (I-4) Interior:
The sash support springs or window balancers that help the single hung windows to move up and down are loose and need to be re-secured. Repair these balancers for proper operation of the windows. Please note that these windows are designed to be able to disengage the springs so that the window frames can be removed for cleaning and balancers can be replaced.
- (I-5) Interior:
Security screws were added to the window frames. All appear to have been removed except this basement bedroom window.
- (RA-1) Roof/Attic:
Moss build-up was noted on the roof. This is bad for the roof covering and decking as it can trap moisture on the roof and can inhibit drainage off the roof. Moss removal is recommended. Products such as Tide are not recommended as the bleach in these products can deteriorate the shingles. Pressure washers should not be used to clean the moss as they can damage the shingles unless the moss has been killed prior to washing. Only very low pressure should be used to clean the roof of moss and chemicals should be used to kill the moss prior to removal. One product people use to kill the moss is baking soda. Here Is a great link on installing zinc strips, as a preventative measure. Hire a professional roof cleaning service to clean and service this roof to insure proper control of roof runoff and proper drainage off the roof. See north side.
- (RA-4) Roof/Attic:
The gutters are clogged with organic debris and require cleaning. Clean the gutters and insure they are unobstructed, leak free and properly sloped to drain.
- (RA-5) Roof/Attic:
The attic access hatch requires insulation and weather stripping to prevent heat loss and heat migration into the attic.
- (EG-4) Exterior/Garage:
An unprotected opening was found in the garage wall. This should be repaired to complete the fire separation between the house and the garage. Large holes should be repaired with the proper listed sheetrock materials. Small; holes and openings should be sealed with mud or high temperature "fire stop" caulking.
Improves
- (P-1) Plumbing:
A moisture alarm with water shut-off features is recommended under the washing machine to protect against accidental leaks in the supply hoses. Pans can be effective when there is a drain, but even these will not protect against a burst supply connector. A moisture alarm with automatic shut-off will. Watts is a brand I have seen installed: http://www.watts.com/pages/learnAbout/intelliflow.asp?catId=
There are also some new technologies available that can monitor and protect our whole house from leaks and indoor humidity problems: See http://www.wallyhome.com/ as an example of such a device.
- (I-2) Interior:
Consider adding more stairway lighting, especially if using the garage entry. These stairs are not up to modern code for stairway lighting as light fixtures are required at both top and bottom landings with 3-way switches.
Monitors
- (RA-2) Roof/Attic:
Since 2002 it has been against regulations to use staples as the means of fastening asphalt shingles. I recommend asking seller about any warranties in place with regard to the installation and you should be aware that warranties may be voided as well as the roof installation may not last as long as it would had it been nailed as opposed to stapled. Stapled roofs are more vulnerable to wind damage. Dimensional shingles that have not had the staples over driven can perform quite well but this is typically difficult to assess. This roof appears to be functioning well to date.
Notes
- (E-1) Electrical:
Clean wiring in main panel
- (HCF-1) Heating, Cooling and Fireplaces:
Heat was noted at all registers
- (B-3) Bathroom(s):
Crack noted in basement bathroom sink
- (B-6) Bathroom(s):
During inspection today I operated all plumbing fixtures in bathrooms. I ran a moisture meter around toilets and tile shower enclosures to check for concealed leaks and sounded for loose tile and finishes in shower and tub enclosures. I do not test bathtub overflow drains as this risks damaging finishes around the tub. Monitor tubs while filling and avoid pushing water into the overflow. Even well-installed overflow drains can leak as the gaskets that seal the overflow will dry out over time and may no longer provide a watertight seal. Monitor plumbing after moving into a new home as testing during inspection presents less stress on plumbing than daily use. Any defects uncovered during inspection are listed in this report.
- (K-1) Kitchen:
Anti-tip devise in in the process of being installed as per agent.
- (RA-3) Roof/Attic:
General pictures of roof condition. I did not see any major shingle wear and would rate this roof as mid life, if continued to be properly maintained.
- (RA-6) Roof/Attic:
Bright attic sheeting is a good sign of a well ventilated attic space.
- (EG-1) Exterior/Garage:
A TV dish has been installed on the north side above the eve. if this dish is removed by seller be sure to properly plug these holes as they penetrate through the shingles.
- (EG-3) Exterior/Garage:
To see a prescriptive guide for residential wood deck construction see this link: https://getscribeware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/AWC-DCA62012-DeckGuide-1405.pdf
- (EG-5) Exterior/Garage:
Off of the storage room in garage there is a small access panel. I was not able to enter this area as it was screwed shut and blocked by shelving.
General Comments
Building Characteristics / Conditions
Style of Home Contemporary
Type of Building Single Family (2-story)
Approximate Square Footage 1950
Approximate Year of Original Construction 2004
Attending the Inspection Buyers agent
Occupancy Unoccupied, but staged with furniture
Animals Present No
Weather during the inspection Cloudy
Approximate temperature during the inspection 60
Ground/Soil surface conditions Damp
Structure and Basement
Foundation
% of Foundation Not Visible 70%
Evidence of Seismic Protection Not visible
Building Configuration Slab on grade
Foundation Description Poured concrete
Floor, Wall and Ceiling Framing
Wall Framing Not visible
Wall Insulation Not visible
Wall Sheathing Not visible
Floor Framing Not visible
Sub-Floor Material Not visible
Ceiling Framing Bottom cord of truss
Basement
Full
Basement Moisture
None noted
Pests and Wood Destroying Organisms
Pests and Rodents
None noted
Wood Destroying Organisms
Visible Evidence of Active Wood Destroying Insects None noted
Visible Evidence of Inactive Wood Destroying Insects None noted
Visible Evidence of Active Wood Decay and Fungi None noted
Visible Evidence of Damage from Wood Destroying Organisms None noted
Visible Evidence of Conditions Conducive to Wood Destroying Organisms None noted
Electrical
Service Equipment
Volts 120/240
Service Drop Overhead
Meter Base Amperage 200
Service Entrance (SE) conductor Size Aluminum, 4/0, 200 amps
Main Panel Amperage 200 amps
Electric Service Amperage 200 amps
Main Electric Panel Location Bedroom
Branch Wiring
Wire Material Copper
Wiring Method Non-metallic sheathed cable
Receptacles and Fixtures
Inspection Method Random Testing
Outlets Three wire outlets
Smoke and CO Alarm Systems
Present
Grounding Electrode / Conductor
Present
Fuel Storage and Distribution
Oil Storage
None noted
Propane Storage
None noted
Gas Meter
Present
Gas Shutoff Location Northeast corner
Gas Pipe Materials Steel and flex pipe
Heating, Cooling and Fireplaces
Heating System
Energy Source Natural gas
Heating Method Forced air furnace
Manufacturer Trane
Capacity 80,000 btu/hr
Age 2005
Last Service Record 4/22/19
Filtration System Disposable
Cooling Systems / Heat Pumps
None Noted
Heating / Cooling Distribution Systems
Heat Source in Each Room Present
Distribution Method Ductwork
Additional Heat Sources
Present
Gas Fireplaces
Present
Fireplace Types Sealed gas log fireplace
Plumbing
Water Service Supply
Pipe Material Plastic, Copper
Well or Public Supply Public
Water Pressure 80 psi
Pressure Reducing Valve Present
Main Water Shut-off Location Garage
Distribution Pipe
Pipe Insulation Present
Supply Pipe Materials Copper, PVC, Plastic
Functional Flow Average
Waste Pipe and Discharge
Discharge Type Public sewer
Waste and Vent Pipe Materials ABS plastic
Water Heater
System Type Tank
Manufacturer Bradford-White
Water Temperature 118
Size 40 gal
Age 2017
Energy Source Gas
Temperature Pressure Relief Value Present - Not Tested
Exterior Hose Bibs
Operating
Sewage Ejector Pumps
None noted
Washer
Tested
A moisture alarm with water shut-off features is recommended under the washing machine to protect against accidental leaks in the supply hoses. Pans can be effective when there is a drain, but even these will not protect against a burst supply connector. A moisture alarm with automatic shut-off will. Watts is a brand I have seen installed: http://www.watts.com/pages/learnAbout/intelliflow.asp?catId=
There are also some new technologies available that can monitor and protect our whole house from leaks and indoor humidity problems: See http://www.wallyhome.com/ as an example of such a device.
Dryer
Tested
Power Source Electric
Duct to Exterior Ducted
Additional Plumbing
None noted
Bathroom(s)
Sinks and Cabinets
Tested
Cabinets in all three bathrooms were noted to have loose hinges. Repair for proper operation.
The waste plumbing below the bathroom sink is leaking and requires immediate repair. Hire a licensed plumber to further evaluate and repair. See master bath, left side sink.
Slow drain was noted at the bathroom sink indicating that the drain is obstructed. Have this drain further evaluated and repaired by a plumbing contractor.
Toilet
Tested
Bathtub / Shower
The shower head is leaky and requires repair to prevent wasting water and to control water flow.
Bathroom Ventilation
Type Bath fan, Operable window
General Bath Condition
During inspection today I operated all plumbing fixtures in bathrooms. I ran a moisture meter around toilets and tile shower enclosures to check for concealed leaks and sounded for loose tile and finishes in shower and tub enclosures. I do not test bathtub overflow drains as this risks damaging finishes around the tub. Monitor tubs while filling and avoid pushing water into the overflow. Even well-installed overflow drains can leak as the gaskets that seal the overflow will dry out over time and may no longer provide a watertight seal. Monitor plumbing after moving into a new home as testing during inspection presents less stress on plumbing than daily use. Any defects uncovered during inspection are listed in this report.
Kitchen
Sinks and Faucets
Tested
Cabinets and Countertops
Countertop Material Plastic laminate
Cabinet Material Wood laminate
Ventilation Method
Fan ducted to exterior
Appliances
Refrigerator Operating
Dishwasher Not operated, As per agent it is in the process of being fixed
Dishwasher Air Gap Present
Range/ Oven /Cook-tops Electric
Disposer Operated
Interior
Floors
Floor Materials Carpet, Vinyl composite tiles
Floor Settlement None noted
Walls, Ceilings and Closets
Wall and Ceiling Materials Drywall
Stairs and Railings
Standard
Secure all hand railing hardware to ensure proper support is provided in case of a fall. This railing on the upper stairs is not secured properly to wall.
Consider adding more stairway lighting, especially if using the garage entry. These stairs are not up to modern code for stairway lighting as light fixtures are required at both top and bottom landings with 3-way switches.
Interior Doors
The front door was noted to stick in the frame. Have this adjusted to ensure proper closure and a weather tight seal.
Windows
Window Glazing Double pane
Interior Window Frame Vinyl
Window Styles Single hung, Sliding
The sash support springs or window balancers that help the single hung windows to move up and down are loose and need to be re-secured. Repair these balancers for proper operation of the windows. Please note that these windows are designed to be able to disengage the springs so that the window frames can be removed for cleaning and balancers can be replaced.
Security screws were added to the window frames. All appear to have been removed except this basement bedroom window.
Mechanical Ventilation
Bath Fan Ducting Ducted to exterior
Kitchen Fan Ducting Ducted to exterior
Roof/Attic
Roof Materials
Method of Roof Inspection Walked on roof
Roof Style Gable
Roof Materials Architectural grade composition shingle
Approximate Age of Roof 15
Moss build-up was noted on the roof. This is bad for the roof covering and decking as it can trap moisture on the roof and can inhibit drainage off the roof. Moss removal is recommended. Products such as Tide are not recommended as the bleach in these products can deteriorate the shingles. Pressure washers should not be used to clean the moss as they can damage the shingles unless the moss has been killed prior to washing. Only very low pressure should be used to clean the roof of moss and chemicals should be used to kill the moss prior to removal. One product people use to kill the moss is baking soda. Here Is a great link on installing zinc strips, as a preventative measure. Hire a professional roof cleaning service to clean and service this roof to insure proper control of roof runoff and proper drainage off the roof. See north side.
Since 2002 it has been against regulations to use staples as the means of fastening asphalt shingles. I recommend asking seller about any warranties in place with regard to the installation and you should be aware that warranties may be voided as well as the roof installation may not last as long as it would had it been nailed as opposed to stapled. Stapled roofs are more vulnerable to wind damage. Dimensional shingles that have not had the staples over driven can perform quite well but this is typically difficult to assess. This roof appears to be functioning well to date.
General pictures of roof condition. I did not see any major shingle wear and would rate this roof as mid life, if continued to be properly maintained.
Gutters and Downspouts
Seamless Aluminum
The gutters are clogged with organic debris and require cleaning. Clean the gutters and insure they are unobstructed, leak free and properly sloped to drain.
Attic Access
Viewed at access
The attic access hatch requires insulation and weather stripping to prevent heat loss and heat migration into the attic.
Roof Framing and Sheathing
Rafters Truss
Sheathing OSB
Attic Insulation
Insulation Type Cellulose
Approximate Insulation R-Value on Attic Floor 38
Approximate Insulation R-Value on Attic Ceiling Not needed
Approximate Insulation R-Value on Attic Walls Not applicable
Attic and Roof Cavity Ventilation
Attic Ventilation Method Soffit vents, Roof jack vents, Gable vents
Exterior/Garage
Siding and Trim
Trim Material Wood
Siding Material Vinyl
Eaves
Plywood
A TV dish has been installed on the north side above the eve. if this dish is removed by seller be sure to properly plug these holes as they penetrate through the shingles.
Exterior Doors
Solid core, Sliding glass
Exterior Window Frames
Vinyl
Decks and Balconies
Present
Deck Structure Ground contact treated lumber
Deck Ledger Board Standard
Guardrail Non-standard
Decking Material Treated wood
Overall, numerous repairs are needed to the decking systems on this home to insure safe and reliable performance. I noticed a lot of creaking and movement as I walked across the deck today. I recommend additional inspection and repair of these decks by a qualified general contractor. Examples of red flags and defects noted during inspection include:
- No joist blocking noted. These help to ensure lateral stability.
- Lateral joist blocks should seen here.
- Notched guardrail support noted. From the underside we can see the 4x4 has notched.
- Brackets should be installed on the corners to ensure proper attachment to the ledger board.
To see a prescriptive guide for residential wood deck construction see this link: https://getscribeware.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/AWC-DCA62012-DeckGuide-1405.pdf
Garage
Attached
Automatic Garage Opener Present
Garage Door Type Metal
An unprotected opening was found in the garage wall. This should be repaired to complete the fire separation between the house and the garage. Large holes should be repaired with the proper listed sheetrock materials. Small; holes and openings should be sealed with mud or high temperature "fire stop" caulking.
Grounds
Drainage and Lot Location
Clearance to Grade Standard
Downspout Discharge Below grade
Lot Description Moderate slope
Driveways/Walkways/Flatwork
Driveway Gravel
Walkways Concrete
Patios Concrete
Grounds, Trees and Vegetation
Trees/Vegetation too near building Yes
Retaining Walls
None noted
Exterior Stairs
Standard
Fences
Present
Receipt -- Single Family Inspection
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PAID |
Fox Den Inspection, LLC
C/O Greg C. Curran
6041 5th Ave NW
Seattle, WA 98107
(240) 447-5555